Keeping backyard chickens is easier than most people expect, but the coop size is one detail you really want to get right. Space affects everything from egg production to flock health. The good news is that the ideal size for 4–6 hens is simple and easy to plan for.
Why This Topic Matters
A coop that’s too small leads to pecking, stress, and poor egg production. A coop that’s too big takes more materials and more time to build or clean. Getting the size right helps beginners start with confidence.
Why You Can Trust This Guidance
I’ve built small coops a few different ways over the years, and I’ve also tried a couple that were way too cramped. Real hens will quickly show you what works and what doesn’t, and this guide is based on that experience plus common recommendations from extension offices and community flock owners.
Ideal Coop Size for 4–6 Chickens
Here’s an easy rule of thumb:
- Inside the coop: 3–4 square feet per chicken
- Run/outdoor area: 8–12 square feet per chicken
- Roost space: About 8–10 inches of roost per chicken
- Nesting boxes: 1 box for every 3–4 hens
Simple Size Breakdown
For 4 chickens:
- Coop: 12–16 sq ft
- Run: 32–48 sq ft
For 6 chickens:
- Coop: 18–24 sq ft
- Run: 48–72 sq ft
A common beginner build is a 4×6 coop with a 6×12 run, which comfortably fits 4–6 hens.
Step-by-Step: How to Plan Your Coop Size
1. Measure the space you have
You don’t need a huge yard. Even a small side yard can work if the run gets sun.
2. Sketch a simple rectangle
Chickens don’t care if your coop is fancy. Square or rectangular layouts are easiest.
3. Plan for ventilation
Two small vents or windows near the top of opposite walls make a huge difference.
4. Give the run priority
Chickens spend nearly all day outside. A bigger run = happier birds.
5. Raise the coop if you can
A raised coop adds shaded space underneath that counts toward run square footage.
Mistakes to Avoid
- Building too small because the hens “look tiny”
- Forgetting vertical space and roost spacing
- Not planning for future chickens (you’ll probably want more)
- Adding nesting boxes too early (they’ll sleep in them)
- Poor ventilation, which causes ammonia buildup
FAQs
Do chickens need more space in cold climates?
A bit more helps because hens stay inside more during storms.
Can I keep 6 chickens in a 4×4 coop?
It’s tight. Better for 3–4 birds.
Does free-ranging change the size needed?
You can go slightly smaller on the run, but coop size should stay the same.
Final Summary
For 4–6 chickens, aim for 3–4 square feet per bird in the coop and 8–12 outside in the run. You don’t need anything fancy, but getting the size right makes chicken keeping easier, cleaner, and more enjoyable.